Fig. 7

Risk factors of all-cause admission to hospital. Adjusted hazard ratios (HRs; 95% confidence interval) of the associations between the age, sex, ethnicity and malaria species (Pf—P. falciparum, Pv—P. vivax, Mix—mixed infection), and all-cause admission to hospital. The risk factors were considered to have the same effect across the admission transitions. The patients with P. malariae and P. ovale infections were excluded from the analysis due to rare number of events. The red and blue solid circles correspond to estimates of HR for early and late admission, respectively. The age categories (0, 1], (1, 5] and (5, 15] represent the ages >0 to ≤1 years, >1 to ≤ 5 years and >5 to ≤15 years, respectively