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Table 2 PSQI scores and comparison at baseline, 2 weeks, 4 weeks and 4 months in three groups

From: Effect of combined treatment with transcranial direct current stimulation and repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation compared to monotherapy for the treatment of chronic insomnia: a randomised, double-blind, parallel-group, controlled trial

Primary outcomes

Baseline

2 weeks

4 weeks

4 months

Group F (p value)

Time F (p value)

Group *Time (p value)

PSQI total score

    

9.10 (0.000)

853.07 (0.000)

8.18 (0.000)

 tDCS + rTMS

16.20 ± 2.74

7.36 ± 1.61

6.27 ± 2.44

7.02 ± 1.70

   

 sham tDCS + rTMS

15.90 ± 2.73

8.42 ± 2.70

7.68 ± 2.89

8.12 ± 2.04

   

 tDCS + sham rTMS

15.78 ± 2.17

9.31 ± 2.28

8.78 ± 2.87

9.16 ± 2.21

   

Sleep quality

    

5.92 (0.003)

364.67 (0.000)

8.54 (0.000)

 tDCS + rTMS

2.55 ± 0.50

0.79 ± 0.41

0.78 ± 0.41

0.86 ± 0.40

   

 sham tDCS + rTMS

2.18 ± 0.83

1.02 ± 0.59

1.00 ± 0.61

1.16 ± 0.51

   

 tDCS + sham rTMS

2.41 ± 0.57

1.20 ± 0.69

1.16 ± 0.73

1.37 ± 0.63

   

Sleep latency

    

1.35 (0.263)

339.10 (0.000)

1.32 (0.269)

 tDCS + rTMS

2.54 ± 0.69

1.00 ± 0.47

0.96 ± 0.42

1.04 ± 0.33

   

 sham tDCS + rTMS

2.44 ± 0.67

1.22 ± 0.62

1.18 ± 0.56

1.16 ± 0.55

   

 tDCS + sham rTMS

2.53 ± 0.73

1.18 ± 0.68

1.14 ± 0.69

1.16 ± 0.54

   

Sleep duration

    

6.96 (0.001)

292.79 (0.000)

5.48 (0.001)

 tDCS + rTMS

2.14 ± 1.07

0.41 ± 0.50

0.41 ± 0.49

0.80 ± 0.40

   

 sham tDCS + rTMS

2.50 ± 0.76

0.62 ± 0.81

0.64 ± 0.72

0.78 ± 0.62

   

 tDCS + sham rTMS

2.20 ± 0.80

1.02 ± 0.88

0.98 ± 0.81

1.14 ± 0.63

   

Sleep efficiency

    

23.47 (0.000)

234.17 (0.000)

11.12 (0.000)

 tDCS + rTMS

2.27 ± 0.92

0.61 ± 0.62

0.61 ± 0.59

0.88 ± 0.54

   

 sham tDCS + rTMS

2.58 ± 0.70

0.76 ± 0.85

0.74 ± 0.75

1.04 ± 0.73

   

 tDCS + sham rTMS

2.37 ± 0.82

1.59 ± 0.78

1.57 ± 0.70

1.59 ± 0.57

   

Sleep disturbance

    

0.30 (0.740)

59.52 (0.000)

1.16 (0.324)

 tDCS + rTMS

1.52 ± 0.60

1.00 ± 0.19

0.96 ± 0.27

1.00 ± 0.33

   

 sham tDCS + rTMS

1.56 ± 0.76

1.08 ± 0.44

1.06 ± 0.37

1.00 ± 0.35

   

 tDCS + sham rTMS

1.43 ± 0.50

1.00 ± 0.69

1.00 ± 0.63

1.12 ± 0.52

   

Sleep medication

    

1.45(0.239)

91.28 (0.000)

4.39 (0.002)

 tDCS + rTMS

2.63 ± 0.95

2.73 ± 0.62

1.70 ± 0.99

1.48 ± 0.50

   

 sham tDCS + rTMS

2.38 ± 1.16

2.78 ± 0.55

2.06 ± 0.79

1.72 ± 0.45

   

 tDCS + sham rTMS

2.67 ± 0.55

2.55 ± 0.58

2.20 ± 0.78

1.75 ± 0.44

   

Daytime dysfunction

    

2.15 (0.120)

208.43 (0.000)

2.55(0.050)

 tDCS + rTMS

2.55 ± 0.89

0.82 ± 0.43

0.84 ± 0.73

0.96 ± 0.33

   

 sham tDCS + rTMS

2.26 ± 1.07

0.94 ± 0.79

1.00 ± 0.76

1.26 ± 0.44

   

 tDCS + sham rTMS

2.18 ± 0.82

0.78 ± 0.64

0.75 ± 0.59

1.04 ± 0.34

   
  1. PSQI Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. F and p for group effects. Significant results are highlighted (p < 0.05) in bold
  2. The data are presented as mean ± standard deviation (SD)
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BMC Medicine

ISSN: 1741-7015

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