Prospective associations between muscle strength and genetic susceptibility to type 2 diabetes with incident type 2 diabetes: a UK Biobank study

Table 3 Associations of muscle strength and incident type 2 diabetes stratified by different levels of genetic susceptibility to type 2 diabetes

Categories of T2D genetic risk	Categories of muscle strength	Number of Participants	Number of T2D events	Crude incident rate per 100,000-person years	HR (95% CI)	P for interaction¹
Low	Low (Reference)	9,380	288	412.5	1 (Reference)	Additive: 0.010 Multiplicative: 0.046
	Medium	9,513	193	268.4	0.69 (0.57, 0.82)
	High	9,474	128	174.4	0.47 (0.38, 0.58)
Medium	Low (Reference)	28,385	1240	590.6	1 (Reference)
	Medium	28,406	835	390.5	0.71 (0.65, 0.77)
	High	28,315	658	299.7	0.56 (0.51, 0.62)
High	Low (Reference)	9,456	591	851.2	1 (Reference)
	Medium	9,367	459	654.3	0.80 (0.71, 0.91)
	High	9,552	351	477.8	0.59 (0.52, 0.68)

Cox regression models with age as the underlying timescale were adjusted for sex, Townsend Deprivation Index, employment status, tobacco smoking status, alcohol drinking status, red meat intake, fish intake, physical activity, genotype array type and the first twenty principal components. Abbreviations: T2D, type 2 diabetes; HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval
¹P for interaction: the p-value for the interaction term between categories of muscle strength and genetic risk for T2D (both treated as ordinal variables) for incident T2D on additive and multiplicative scales

ISSN: 1741-7015