Fig. 2

Optimal conditions for measuring serum miRNA levels. The kinetics of 147 miRNA signals in whole blood (a) and serum (b) are dependent on the time of serum preparation. The x-axis shows the time to centrifugation from blood collection (a) or time to freezing from the start of centrifugation after 30 min of coagulation (b). The y-axis shows the signal of each miRNA. c t-SNE plot of the 827 participants shown in Fig. 1, using a serum expression dataset of 25 PBca-related miRNAs. The 827 participants were grouped according to their sampling period. PBca, pancreatic or biliary tract cancer; HC, healthy control