Fig. 4

Venn diagram of patients with definite or possible/non-MOGAD by each diagnostic criteria. *Possible MOGAD with red flags, but unable to verify antibody status through additional CBA testing due to technical limitations (three cases with CSF-restricted MOG-IgG positivity, four MS cases with typical MRI features, four cases with MNOS, one case with ependymoma). Abbreviations: CBA, Cell-based assay; CSF, Cerebrospinal fluid; MOG-IgG, Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein-immunoglobulin G; MOGAD, Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease; MRI, Magnetic resonance imaging; MS, Multiple sclerosis; MNOS, Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody and N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor antibody overlapping syndrome; STM, Short-segment myelitis