Fig. 1

H. pylori SlyD induces GIM marker expression by upregulating TPT1 protein levels. A mRNA expression of TPT1 in H. pylori SlyD-stimulated GES-1 and AGS cells. GAPDH was used as an internal control. B Western blot for TPT1 expression in H. pylori SlyD-stimulated GES-1 and AGS cells. C Western blot for the expression of GIM markers in H. pylori SlyD-stimulated GES-1 cells. D Western blot for the expression of GIM markers in H. pylori SlyD-stimulated AGS cells. E mRNA expression of TPT1 in AGS and GES-1 cells following stimulation with purified HpSlyD protein (200 ng/mL) for 40 h. F Western blot for TPT1 expression in GES-1 and AGS cells after 40 h stimulation with purified HpSlyD protein (200 ng/mL). G Western blot for the expression of GIM markers in GES-1 cells after HpSlyD stimulation (200 ng/mL). H Western blot for the expression of GIM markers in AGS cells after HpSlyD stimulation (200 ng/mL). β-tubulin was used as the loading control. Significance levels: *P < .05, ** P < .01, *** P < .001, ns: non-significant