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Table 3 Results from PAMM regression models stratified by single active comparator drug agents, cohorts 1–4

From: High risk for life-threatening adverse events of fluoroquinolones in young adults: a large German population-based cohort study

Active comparator agent

Cohort 1: aortic aneurysm/dissection

Cohort 2: cardiac arrhythmia/sudden cardiac death

Cohort 3: acute toxic liver injury/acute liver failure

Cohort 4: all-cause mortality

 

aHR

[95% CI]

aHR

[95% CI]

aHR

[95% CI]

aHR

[95% CI]

365-day risk windowa

 Amoxicillin

1.02

[0.98;1.05]

1.07

[1.06;1.08]

1.41

[1.35;1.48]

1.37

[1.36;1.38]

 Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid

0.97

[0.93;1.01]

0.96

[0.95;0.97]

1.06

[1.01;1.12]

0.93

[0.92;0.94]

 Azithromycin

1.11

[1.06;1.17]

1.08

[1.07;1.10]

1.26

[1.22;1.31]

1.60

[1.58;1.63]

 Cephalexin

0.99

[0.80;1.24]

1.08

[1.00;1.16]

1.04

[0.80;1.35]

1.49

[1.39;1.60]

 Cefuroxime

1.04

[1.01;1.08]

0.99

[0.98;1.00]

1.19

[1.14;1.24]

1.11

[1.10;1.12]

 Clindamycin

1.18

[1.12;1.23]

1.12

[1.11;1.14]

1.46

[1.38;1.55]

1.59

[1.57;1.61]

 Sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim

1.06

[1.01;1.12]

1.04

[1.02;1.05]

1.10

[1.04;1.17]

1.01

[1.00;1.02]

Doxycycline

1.14

[1.09;1.19]

1.09

[1.07;1.10]

1.60

[1.51;1.69]

1.57

[1.55;1.59]

92-day risk windowb

 Amoxicillin

1.36

[1.23;1.51]

1.21

[1.18;1.24]

1.96

[1.78;2.16]

1.38

[1.35;1.40]

 Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid

0.93

[0.83;1.04]

0.83

[0.81;0.86]

1.06

[0.97;1.17]

0.87

[0.86;0.89]

 Azithromycin

1.60

[1.38;1.86]

1.41

[1.36;1.47]

1.78

[1.53;2.08]

1.72

[1.67;1.76]

 Cephalexin

1.76

[0.78;4.00]

1.29

[1.07;1.56]

1.03

[0.63;1.68]

1.72

[1.52;1.96]

 Cefuroxime

1.16

[1.06;1.27]

0.99

[0.96;1.01]

1.41

[1.30;1.53]

1.09

[1.08;1.11]

 Clindamycin

1.57

[1.36;1.80]

1.43

[1.38;1.48]

2.37

[2.08;2.71]

1.94

[1.89;1.99]

 Sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim

1.20

[1.03;1.39]

1.08

[1.04;1.12]

1.10

[0.99;1.23]

1.07

[1.05;1.09]

 Doxycycline

1.71

[1.48;1.96]

1.40

[1.35;1.45]

2.40

[2.10;2.75]

1.71

[1.67;1.75]

  1. adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) | 95% confidence interval (CI) [lower confidence level; upper confidence level]
  2. aMain model, including outpatient and inpatient diagnoses
  3. bSensitivity, including inpatient diagnoses for outcomes 1 to 3 only
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