Fig. 3

Visualization of CNN-SASM prediction results and the correlation with pathologic characteristics. A The malignant and benign patches with overlaid heatmaps, indicated areas of high attention as identified by Grad-CAM. B–C WSIs from TCGA patients with and without postoperative recurrence, including visual differentiation between high- and low-risk patches. In B, annotations are color-coded: green for tumor tissue, pink for the collagenous stroma, yellow for adjacent liver tissue, red for blood vessels, and blue for lymphoid tissue. C uses a similar color scheme: green for tumor tissue, yellow for adjacent liver tissue, blue for lymphocytes, and red for blood vessels (four diagrams with a gradation of thresholds define high and low risk, becoming increasingly strict from left to right and top to bottom). TCL, threshold cutoff level for high-risk and low-risk tissues