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Table 2 Cost-effectiveness results of base case analysis

From: Long-term cost-effectiveness of health behaviour intervention to manage type 2 diabetes in Nepal

Time horizons and perspective

Intervention

Control

Incremental

ICER# (95%CI)

PBC## (%)

Costs in mean* (SD)

QALYs in mean ** (SD)

Costs in mean* (SD)

QALYs in mean** (SD)

Costs (95%CI)

QALYs (95% CI)

5-Year horizon

 Healthcare system

537 (0.20)

4.64 (0.01)

258 (0.28)

4.20 (0.002)

280 (230 to 329)

0.44 (0.36 to 0.52)

636 (524 to 748)

57.29

 Societal

670 (0.20)

4.64 (0.01)

354 (0.28)

4.20 (0.001)

317 (260 to 372)

0.44 (0.36 to 0.53)

719 (592 to 846)

57.47

10-Year horizon

 Healthcare system

1069 (0.82)

9.12 (0.02)

506 (1.19)

8.29 (0.02)

563 (464 to 662)

0.83 (0.68 to 0.99)

678 (558 to 798)

76.93

 Societal

1334 (0.82)

9.12 (0.02)

698 (1.19)

8.29 (0.02)

636 (524 to 748)

0.83 (0.68 to 0.99)

766 (631 to 902)

76.31

20-Year horizon

 Healthcare system

2067 (4.44)

17.03 (0.07)

939 (4)

15.26 (0.08)

1128 (929 to 1326)

1.77 (1.46 to 2.12)

637 (525 to 749)

96.26

 Societal

2442 (4)

17.03 (0.07)

1275 (4)

15.26 (0.08)

1167 (1049 to 1498)

1.77 (1.46 to 2.12)

659 (592 to 846)

96.14

30-Year horizon

 Healthcare system

2912 (10)

22.97 (0.14)

1263 (8)

20.36 (0.14)

1649 (1358 to 1940)

2.61 (2.15 to 3.12)

632 (520 to 743)

97.97

 Societal

3709 (10)

22.97 (0.14)

1840 (8)

20.36 (0.14)

1869 (1539 to 2198)

2.61 (2.15 to 3.12)

716 (589 to 842)

97.95

Lifetime time horizon

 Healthcare system

6035 (39)

31.73 (0.33)

1742 (27)

27.85 (0.29)

4293 (3535 to 5050)

3.88 (3.20 to 4.64)

1106 (911 to 1302)

99.98

 Societal

6965 (39)

31.73 (0.33)

2415 (27)

27.85 (0.29)

4550 (3747 to 5352)

3.88 (3.20 to 4.64)

1173 (986 to 1379)

99.98

  1. *Cumulative costs per person; ** Cumulative QALYs per person; All costs are in United States Dollar (USD); #Incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) is presented in costs per QALY gained; CIs: Confident interval; ##Probability of being cost-effectiveness (PBC) after 10,000 Monte Carlo simulations at given threshold (i.e., US $4,140)