Table 1 Characteristics of participants of UK Biobank according to early-life risk score
Characteristics | Early-life risk score (n=148,621) | P-Value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0 (n=72,306) | 1 (n=55,572) | 2 (n=18,593) | 3 (n=2,150) | ||
Age, years | 55.2±8.0 | 53.9±8.1 | 52.7±7.9 | 53.0±7.8 | <0.001 |
Sex | <0.001 | ||||
Male | 29,475 (40.76) | 21,807 (39.24) | 6,686 (35.96) | 574 (26.70) | |
Female | 42,831 (59.24) | 33,765 (60.76) | 11,907 (64.04) | 1,576 (73.30) | |
Ethnicity | <0.001 | ||||
White | 69,323 (95.87) | 54,438 (97.96) | 18,328 (98.57) | 2,128 (98.98) | |
Asian | 1,218 (1.68) | 447 (0.80) | 62 (0.33) | 1 (0.05) | |
Black | 929 (1.28) | 169 (0.30) | 29 (0.16) | 2 (0.09) | |
Mixed/other | 836 (1.16) | 518 (0.93) | 174 (0.94) | 19 (0.88) | |
Household income, GBP (£) | <0.001 | ||||
<18,000 | 11,457 (15.85) | 8,862 (15.95) | 3,176 (17.08) | 430 (20.00) | |
18,000–30,999 | 17,505 (24.21) | 13,514 (24.32) | 4,505 (24.23) | 557 (25.91) | |
31,000–51,999 | 20,990 (29.03) | 16,571 (29.82) | 5,650 (30.39) | 640 (29.77) | |
52,000–100,000 | 17,391 (24.05) | 13,088 (23.55) | 4,268 (22.95) | 447 (20.79) | |
≥100,000 | 4,963 (6.86) | 3,537 (6.36) | 994 (5.35) | 76 (3.53) | |
TDI | −1.73±2.84 | −1.57±2.92 | −1.30±3.06 | −1.08±3.20 | <0.001 |
Education | <0.001 | ||||
Low qualification | 25,428 (35.17) | 21,745 (39.13) | 7,720 (41.52) | 940 (43.72) | |
Medium qualification | 36,937 (51.08) | 27,282 (49.09) | 8,991 (48.36) | 1,014 (47.16) | |
High qualification | 9,941 (13.75) | 6,545 (11.78) | 1,882 (10.12) | 196 (9.12) | |
Region | <0.001 | ||||
England | 64,029 (88.55) | 48,242 (86.81) | 15,925 (85.65) | 1,806 (84.00) | |
Scotland | 3,889 (5.38) | 3,283 (5.91) | 1,146 (6.16) | 138 (6.42) | |
Wales | 4,388 (6.07) | 4,047 (7.28) | 1,522 (8.19) | 206 (9.58) | |
Birth year | <0.001 | ||||
1934–1940, | 3,622 (5.01) | 1,999 (3.60) | 452 (2.43) | 63 (2.93) | |
1941–1950 | 27,174 (37.58) | 18,599 (33.47) | 5,274 (28.37) | 598 (27.81) | |
1951–1960 | 25,934 (35.87) | 19,892 (35.80) | 6,900 (37.11) | 844 (39.26) | |
1961–1970 | 15,576 (21.54) | 15,082 (27.14) | 5,967 (32.09) | 645 (30.00) | |
Drinking | 0.047 | ||||
Current | 67,455 (93.29) | 52,045 (93.65) | 17,432 (93.76) | 1,980 (92.09) | |
Ex-drinker | 2,029 (2.81) | 1,740 (3.13) | 621 (3.34) | 90 (4.19) | |
Non-drinker | 2,822 (3.90) | 1,787 (3.22) | 540 (2.90) | 80 (3.72) | |
Family diabetes | 0.020 | ||||
No | 57,265 (79.20) | 43,916 (79.03) | 14,531 (78.15) | 1,711 (79.58) | |
Yes | 15,041 (20.80) | 11,656 (20.97) | 4,062 (21.85) | 439 (20.42) | |
BMI, kg/m2 | <0.001 | ||||
<25 | 27,709 (38.32) | 19,809 (35.65) | 6,203 (33.36) | 679 (31.58) | |
25–30 | 30,171 (41.73) | 23,076 (41.52) | 7,661 (41.20) | 871 (40.51) | |
≥30 | 14,426 (19.95) | 12,687 (22.83) | 4,729 (25.43) | 600 (27.91) | |
PRS for T2D | <0.001 | ||||
Tertile 1 | 24506 (33.89) | 18366 (33.05) | 5835 (31.38) | 636 (29.58) | |
Tertile 2 | 24054 (33.27) | 18330 (32.98) | 6239 (33.56) | 718 (33.40) | |
Tertile 3 | 23746 (32.84) | 18876 (33.97) | 6519 (35.06) | 796 (37.02) | |
MHS | <0.001 | ||||
Unhealthy (0–49) | 4,136 (5.72) | 4,024 (7.24) | 1,603 (8.62) | 206 (9.58) | |
Moderate (50–79) | 33,433 (46.24) | 26,528 (47.74) | 9,074 (48.80) | 1,022 (47.53) | |
Healthy (80–100) | 34,737 (48.04) | 25,020 (45.02) | 7,916 (42.58) | 922 (42.88) | |