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Table 3 Sex-specific analysis—association of childhood body size, adulthood BMI, and body size change with obesity-related cancer risk*

From: Association of childhood-to-adulthood body size change with cancer risk: UK Biobank prospective cohort

 

Men

Women

p interactionb

N cases

HRa (95% CI)

N cases

HRa (95% CI)

Childhood body size

Thinner

1750

0.97 (0.91–1.03)

1184

1.07 (0.99–1.15)

0.15

Average

2649

Reference

1765

Reference

Plumper

757

1.14 (1.05–1.23)

704

1.18 (1.08–1.29)

Adulthood BMI

Normal weight

966

Reference

1232

Reference

 < 0.001

Overweight

2498

1.26 (1.17–1.35)

1379

1.10 (1.02–1.19)

Obesity

1692

1.66 (1.53–1.80)

1042

1.31 (1.20–1.43)

Body size change

Thinner → normal weight

442

0.98 (0.86–1.11)

468

1.10 (0.98–1.24)

 < 0.001

Thinner → overweight

855

1.24 (1.11–1.39)

433

1.17 (1.04–1.33)

Thinner → obesity

453

1.62 (1.42–1.85)

283

1.45 (1.26–1.68)

Average → normal weight

468

Reference

615

Reference

Average → overweight

1346

1.22 (1.10–1.37)

711

1.15 (1.03–1.28)

Average → obesity

835

1.60 (1.43–1.80)

439

1.27 (1.12–1.44)

Plumper → normal weight

56

0.96 (0.72–1.26)

149

1.21 (1.01–1.45)

Plumper → overweight

297

1.30 (1.12–1.50)

235

1.19 (1.02–1.38)

Plumper → obesity

404

1.72 (1.51–1.97)

320

1.51 (1.32–1.74)

  1. Abbreviations: BMI body mass index, CI confidence interval, CRC colorectal cancer, HR hazard ratio, HRT hormone replacement therapy, NSAIDs nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
  2. *Obesity-related cancers occurring in both sexes: colorectal cancer, kidney cancer, pancreatic cancer, esophageal cancer, multiple myeloma, liver cancer, thyroid cancer, stomach cancer, gallbladder cancer, and meningioma
  3. aModel adjusted for age, sex, ethnicity, height, Townsend deprivation index, education, smoking, alcohol consumption, red and processed meat consumption, 1st-degree family history of CRC and breast cancer, previous CRC screening (for obesity-related cancers and CRC), HRT (women only), fruit and vegetable intake, NSAIDs use, and physical activity
  4. bMultivariate Wald test comparing the model with and without product terms
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BMC Medicine

ISSN: 1741-7015

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