The role of environmental access to exercise opportunities in cardiovascular mortality: evidence from a nationwide study

Table 2 Age-adjusted mortality rates* for major and specific cardiovascular diseases (CVD) stratified by access to exercise opportunities value quartiles

Cardiovascular mortality	Access to exercise opportunities
Cardiovascular mortality	Quartile 1	Quartile 2	Quartile 3	Quartile 4	P value
Major CVD	272.00 (229.80, 319.62)	250.60 (214.70, 294.90)	235.30 (203.10, 272.08)	210.70 (183.10, 242.10)	< 0.001
Ischemic heart diseases	121.80 (98.40, 154.10)	107.00 (87.80, 133.50)	100.10 (80.50, 124.20)	85.70 (69.40, 104.93)	< 0.001
Acute myocardial infarction	73.40 (45.85, 108.65)	45.25 (31.10, 72.73)	32.80 (23.33, 51.70)	21.80 (17.10, 29.10)	< 0.001
Heart failure	40.30 (28.78, 56.23)	29.70 (22.10, 39.95)	25.00 (18.60, 33.23)	19.90 (14.57, 25.70)	< 0.001
Cerebrovascular diseases	49.10 (40.58, 58.70)	43.15 (36.10, 52.00)	39.90 (34.10, 46.80)	36.00 (30.30, 42.48)	< 0.001

*Age-adjusted mortality rates are presented per 100,000 adults with 95% CIs. The P values were calculated using generalized linear models. These models were employed to assess the association between access to exercise opportunities (independent variable) and CVD mortality (dependent variable)

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